Rabu, 26 Maret 2014

Active and Passive Voice

Active and Passive Voice

Voices dalam konteks ini merupakan bentuk dari kata kerja yang menunjukan subjek melakukan sesuatu atau sesuatu telah dilakukan oleh subjek, oleh karena itu kata kerja bahasa inggris voice dibagi menjadi 2 macam yaitu: Active voice and Passive voice.

Active Voice (kalimat aktif)
adalah kalimat yang subjeknya melakukan suatu tindakan atau perbuatan.
Contoh:
• Miss Julian calls the girl
• We killed a bird
Kedua kalimat diatas merupakan kalimat aktif karena subjeknya masing-masing kalimat secara aktif melakukan perbuatan, yaitu calls (memanggil), killed (membunuh).

Passive Voice (kalimat pasif)
adalah kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai suatu tindakan atau pekerjaan dan secara tata bahasa inggris diawali oleh kata depan / (preposition) input by yang artinya oleh.
Contoh:
• The girl is called by miss yohana
• A bird is killed by us
Kedua contoh kalimat diatas adalah kalimat pasif, karena subjeknya masing-masing kalimat dikenai tindakan atau pekerjaan aktif melakukan perbuatan yaitu calls (memanggil), killed (membunuh).

Cara-cara untuk membuat kalimat aktif dan kalimat pasif.
Untuk membuat kalimat aktif dan kalimat pasif maka ada beberapa cara atau langkah yang harus diperhatikan, yaitu:
1. Kalimat aktif yang akan diubah harus memiliki Objek. Dalam hal ini kata kerja yang digunakan adalah kata kerja yang memerlukan objek.
2. Subjek dalam kalimat aktif diubah menjadi objek pada kalimat pasif, dan sebaliknya objek pada kalimat aktif diubah menjadi subjek dalam kalimat aktif.
3. Kata kerja kalimat pasif harus berbentuk past participle (kata kerja bentuk ketiga) atau yang didahului to be (is, am, are,was, were, being, been) yang diikutioleh by (oleh).

Kalimat Akti-Pasif berdasarkan bentuk-bentuk tense adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Simple Present Tense
•Aktif : Hafizz read a Biology book
•Pasif : A Biology book is read by Hafizz

•Aktif : Dody doesn’t read an English book
•Pasif : An English book isn’t read by Dody

•Aktif : Does Mira read an English book?
•Pasif : Is an English book read by Mira?

•Aktif : What does Mega read?
•Pasif : What is read by Mega?

•Aktif : Who reads an English book?
•Pasif : Who is an English book read by?

2. Present Continouse Tense
•Aktif : Bayu is reading a Biology book
•Pasif : A Biology book is being read by Bayu

•Aktif : Dewi isn’t reading an English book
•Pasif : An English book isn’t being read by Dewi

•Aktif : Is Dani Reading an English book?
•Pasif : Is an English book being read by Dani?

•Aktif : What is Maya reading?
•Pasif : What is being read by Maya?


3. Past Continouse Tense

•Aktif : Diva was reading a Biology book
•Pasif : A Biology book was being read by Bayu

•Aktif : Dewi wasn’t reading an English book
•Pasif : An English book wasn’t being read by Dewi

•Aktif : Was Dani Reading an English book?
•Pasif : Was an English book being read by Dani?

•Aktif : What was Tama reading?
•Pasif : What was being read by Tama?

•Aktif : Who was reading an English book?
•Pasif : Who was an English book being read by?


4. Past Perfect Continouse Tense
•Aktif : Kasta had been reading a Biology book
•Pasif : A Biology book had been read by Kasta

•Aktif : Bima hadn’t been reading an English book
•Pasif : An English book hadn’t been read by Bima

•Aktif : Had Dani been Reading an English book?
•Pasif : Had an English been book being read by Dani?

•Aktif : What had Yogi been being reading?
•Pasif : What had been being read by Yogi?

•Aktif : Who had been reading an English book?
•Pasif : Who had an English book been being read by?


5. Past Perfect Tense
•Aktif : Kasta had read a Biology book
•Pasif : A Biology book had been read by Kasta

•Aktif : Bima hadn’t readi an English book
•Pasif : An English book hadn’t been read by Bima

•Aktif : Had Dani Read an English book?
•Pasif : Had an English book been read by Dani?

•Aktif : What had Yoga read?
•Pasif : What had been read by Yoga?

•Aktif : Who hada a Biology book?
•Pasif : Who had a Biology book been read by?


Referensi Buku:
1. Practical Completen English Grammar. M.J.Lado, Titik Terang
2. Successful Strategies for TOEFL. Tumijo,Spd, Drs. Slamet Riyanto,M.pd with LTI. Pustaka Widyatama
3. Grammar Praktis. Drs. Haeruddin Sudibja. Gemagung Ikhtiari
4. Buku Pintar English Grammar, Muhammad Jauhar, Publisher
5. English Grammar for General Applciation, Dony Haryanto-Drs. Rudy Hariyono, Gitamedia Press.

CONTOH KALIMAT PASSIVE VOICE
a. Jika active voice dalam simple present tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah is, am atau are.
Contoh :
Active : He meets them everyday.
Passive : They are met by him everyday.
Active : She waters this plant every two days.
Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days.
b. Jika active voice dalam simple past tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah was atau were
Contoh :
Active : He met them yesterday
Passive : They were met by him yesterday
Active : She watered this plant this morning
Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning
c. Jika active voice dalam present perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary has atau have, sehingga menjadi ‘has been’ atau ‘have been’
Contoh :
Active : He has met them
Passive : They have been met by him
Active : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes.
Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.
d. Jika active voice dalam past perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary had, sehingga menjadi had been
Contoh :
Active : He had met them before I came.
Passive : They had been met by him before I came.
Active : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got here
Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here
e. Jika active voice dalam simple future tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah be
Contoh :
Active : He will meet them tomorrow.
Passive : They will be met by him tomorrow.
Active : She will water this plant this afternoon.
Passive : This plant will be watered by her this afternoon.
Active : The farmers are going to harvest the crops next week
Passive : The crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week.
f. Jika active voice dalam future perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary will have, sehingga menjadi ‘will have been’
Contoh :
Active : He will have met them before I get there tomorrow.
Passive : They will have been met by him before I get there tomorrow.
Active : She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoon.
Passive : This plant will have been watered by her before I get here this afternoon.
g. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary would have, sehingga menjadi ‘would have been’.
Contoh :
Active : He would have met them.
Passive : They would have been met by him.
Active : She would have watered this plant.
Passive : This plant would have been watered by her.
h. Jika active voice dalam present continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (is, am atau are) + being.
Contoh :
Active : He is meeting them now.
Passive : They are being met by him now.
Active : She is watering this plant now.
Passive : This plant is being watered by her now.
i. Jika active voice dalam past continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (was atau were) + being.
Contoh :
Active : He was meeting them.
Passive : They were being met by him.
Active : She was watering this plant.
Passive : This plant was being watered by her.
j. Jika active voice dalam perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah (has/have) been + being.
Contoh :
Active : He has been meeting them.
Passive : They have been being met by him.
Active : She has been watering this plant.
Passive : This plant has been being watered by her.
k. Jika active voice dalam past perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah had been + being.
Contoh :
Active : He had been meeting them.
Passive : They had been being met by him.
Active : She had been watering this plant.
Passive : This plant had been being watered by her.
l. Jika active voice dalam future continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah will be + being.
Contoh :
Active : He will be meeting them.
Passive : They will be being met by him.
Active : She will be watering this plant.
Passive : This plant will be being watered by her.
m. Jika active voice dalam past future continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah would be + being.
Contoh :
Active : He would be meeting them.
Passive : They would be being met by him.
Active : She would be watering this plant.
Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.
n. Jika active voice dalam future perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah will have been + being.
Contoh :
Active : He will have been meeting them.
Passive : They will have been being met by him.
Active : She will have been watering this plant.
Passive : This plant will have been being watered by her.
o. Jika active voice dalam past future perfect continuous tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah would have been + being.
Contoh :
Active : He would be meeting them.
Passive : They would be being met by him.
Active : She would be watering this plant.
Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.
https://www.facebook.com/KomunitasAnakBahasaManModelCirebon/posts/339275742840333
I. PERSONAL DETAILS
Name : Melani Evasari
Mailing Address : Pondok Kopi JL. Arabika VIII BLOK AC6/1 RT/RW 006/05 Kecamatan Duren Sawit Jakarta Timur 13460
Contact Number : 1. 081380571414
2. 08811471882
Place, Date of Birth : Jakarta, May 20, 1992
Sex : Female
Marital Status : Single
Religion : Muslim
Nationality : Indonesian
II. EDUCATION DETAILS
1. 1996 – 1998 State Kindergarten AL- MUHAJIRIN
2. 1999 – 2004 State Primary School 03 Pagi
3. 2004 – 2007 State Junior High School Muhammaddiyah 50
4. 2007 – 2010 State Vocational Schools Paramitha 1
PREDICATE = Very Satisfactory
III. ON THE JOB TRAINING 
July – September 2009 on the job training at Hotel Santika Jakarta
This is to state that above information is true and provided here by me, all in good faith.
Sincerely yours,
(Meilani Evasari)